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Under the Product Cycle Theory, foreign demand can be initially satisfied by exporting.

A) True
B) False

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International trade:


A) is a relatively conservative approach to foreign market penetration.
B) entails minimal risk.
C) does not require large amount of investment.
D) all of the above.

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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The valuation of an MNC should rise when an event causes the expected cash flows from foreign to ____ and when foreign currencies denominating these cash flows are expected to ____.


A) decrease; appreciate
B) increase; appreciate
C) decrease; depreciate
D) increase; depreciate

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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If markets were perfect, then labor and other costs of production would be easily transferable.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is not mentioned in the text as a theory of international business?


A) Theory of Comparative Advantage
B) Imperfect Markets Theory
C) Product Cycle Theory
D) Globalization of Business Theory
E) All of the above are mentioned in the text as theories of international business

F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

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The MNC's value depends on all of the following, except:


A) MNC's required rate of return
B) Amount of MNC's cash flows in particular currency
C) The exchange rate at which cash flows are converted to dollars
D) The value of MNC depends on all of the above factors

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Agency costs faced by multinational corporations (MNCs) may be larger than those faced by purely domestic firms because


A) Monitoring of managers located in foreign countries is more difficult.
B) Foreign subsidiary managers raised in different cultures may not follow uniform goals.
C) MNCs are relatively large.
D) All of the above
E) A and B only

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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According to the text, a disadvantage of licensing is that:


A) it prevents a firm from importing.
B) it is difficult to ensure quality control of the production process.
C) it prevents a firm from exporting.
D) none of the above

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The agency costs of an MNC are likely to be lower if it:


A) scatters its subsidiaries across many foreign countries.
B) increases its volume of international business.
C) uses a centralized management style.
D) A and B.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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International trade generally results in ____ exposure to international political risk and ____ exposure to international economic conditions, when compared to other methods of international business.


A) higher; lower
B) higher; higher
C) lower; higher
D) lower; lower

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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Licensing is the process by which a firm provides its technology (copyrights, patents, trademarks, or trade names) in exchange for fees or some other specified benefits.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following theories identifies the non-transferability of resources as a reason for international business?


A) theory of comparative advantage.
B) imperfect markets theory.
C) product cycle theory.
D) none of the above

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following theories suggests that firms seek to penetrate new markets over time?


A) theory of comparative advantage.
B) imperfect markets theory.
C) product cycle theory.
D) none of the above

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Assume that an American firm wants to engage in international business without major investment in the foreign country. Which method is least appropriate in this situation?


A) International Trade
B) Licensing
C) Franchising
D) Direct foreign investment

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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With regard to corporate goals, an MNC is mostly concerned with maximizing ____, and a purely domestic firm is mostly concerned with maximizing ____.


A) shareholder wealth; short-term earnings
B) shareholder wealth; shareholder wealth
C) short-term earnings; sales volume
D) short-term earnings; shareholder wealth

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Imperfect markets represent conditions under which factors of production are immobile.

A) True
B) False

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MNCs can improve their internal control process by all of the following, except:


A) establishing a centralized data base of information
B) ensuring that all data are reported consistently among subsidiaries
C) ensuring that the MNC always borrows from countries where interest rates are lowest
D) using a system that checks internal data for unusual discrepancies

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Licensing allows firms to use their technology in foreign markets without a major investment in foreign countries.

A) True
B) False

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A centralized management style, where major decisions about a foreign subsidiary are made by the parent company, results in an increase in agency costs.

A) True
B) False

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The Sarbanes-Oxley Act improves corporate governance of MNCs because it:


A) makes executives more accountable for verifying financial statements
B) eliminates stock options as a form of compensation
C) ties executive compensation to firm performance
D) places a limit on the amount of funds that managers can spend

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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