Question 1

The ________ system of blood proteins acts to lyse foreign cells and viruses.

Accepted Answer

A)  humoral immunity
B)  cell-mediated
C)  complement
D)  lymphoid
E)  None of the choices are correct.F) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 2

Which of the following is not a mechanism employed by the human microbiota to contribute to the first line of defense?

Accepted Answer

A)  It can phagocytose pathogens
B)  It can lower the pH making the environment too acidic for pathogens to survive
C)  It can out-compete pathogens for limited nutrients
D)  It can train the immune cells to recognize antigenic markers
E)  It can block potential binding sites on epithelial cells restricting adhesion,which is a necessary step for infectionF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 3

The blood cells that function in allergic reactions and inflammation,contain peroxidase and lysozyme,and particularly target parasitic worms and fungi are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  basophils
B)  eosinophils
C)  neutrophils
D)  monocytes
E)  lymphocytesF) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 4

During what process are hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide produced to destroy bacteria and inhibit viral replication?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inflammation
B)  Phagocytosis
C)  Interferon production
D)  Complement production
E)  BradykininF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

Which of the following is incorrect about complement?

Accepted Answer

A)  Is composed of at least 20 blood proteins
B)  Only appears in the blood during a response to a pathogen
C)  Acts in a cascade reaction
D)  Involves a classical pathway
E)  Involves an alternate pathwayF) All of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 6

This body region is protected by fatty acids,acidic pH,lactic acid,and a tough cell barrier with its own normal biota.

Accepted Answer

A)  Skin
B)  Respiratory tract
C)  Digestive tract
D)  Urinary tract
E)  EyesF) None of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 7

The mother of a 6-year-old child brings her daughter to the pediatrician's office because she has had a sore throat, cough, and fever for several days. She reports a fever up to 104°F that worsens at night, but seems to respond to treatment with acetaminophen. The child has not been eating or drinking well because she says, "it hurts to swallow." She is ill appearing, and does not seem interested in playing with the toys that are in the examination room. The physician notes a thick, white exudate on both of the patient's tonsils, which also seem enlarged. A throat culture and complete blood count with differential is ordered.
-The nurse examines the child's tonsils while preparing to swab them with the culture swab.A white pustule coating is noted to be covering the tonsils.What is this pus composed of?

Accepted Answer

A)  Waste from red blood cells
B)  Live bacteria
C)  Fibrin threads
D)  White blood cells and debris from phagocytosisE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

The production of interferon will protect the host cell from a viral infection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Diapedesis is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  loss of blood due to hemorrhaging
B)  production of only red blood cells
C)  production of white blood cells,red blood cells,and platelets
D)  plugging of broken vessels to stop bleeding
E)  migration of white blood cells from the blood out to the tissuesF) C) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 10

Immune system cells differentiate between self and foreign cells by their ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cell walls
B)  biota
C)  markers
D)  skin
E)  cell processesF) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

When monocytes migrate from the blood out to the tissues they are transformed by inflammatory mediators to develop into ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  primary phagocytes
B)  neutrophils
C)  killer T cells
D)  cytotoxic T cells
E)  macrophagesF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 12

The human microbiome is considered an important component of the first line of defense.  Which statement adequately reflects its role as a defensive barrier?

Accepted Answer

A)  The human microbiota competes with pathogens for space and nutrients limiting their ability to cause infection,and trains the immune system to recognize antigens.
B)  The organisms that comprise the microbiota are able to phagocytose potential pathogens,thereby eliminating them from the human host.
C)  The human microbiome has evolved with the species so it is able to actively destroy pathogens by raising the body temperature when an infection by a pathogen occurs.
D)  Cells in the human microbiome secrete cytokines that play a role in stimulating the immune response when a pathogen has entered the system.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 13

Inflammatory responses are orchestrated by the immune system and are part of the body's third line of defense.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 12: Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Inflammatory responses are orchestrated by the immune system and are part of the body's third line of defense.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not a mechanism employed by the human microbiota to contribute to the first line of defense?

Correct Answer
verified

This body region is protected by fatty acids,acidic pH,lactic acid,and a tough cell barrier with its own normal biota.

Correct Answer
verified

The human microbiome is considered an important component of the first line of defense. Which statement adequately reflects its role as a defensive barrier?

Correct Answer
verified

The ________ system of blood proteins acts to lyse foreign cells and viruses.

Correct Answer
verified

Diapedesis is the ________.

Correct Answer
verified

When monocytes migrate from the blood out to the tissues they are transformed by inflammatory mediators to develop into ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Immune system cells differentiate between self and foreign cells by their ________.

Correct Answer
verified

During what process are hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide produced to destroy bacteria and inhibit viral replication?

Correct Answer
verified

The blood cells that function in allergic reactions and inflammation,contain peroxidase and lysozyme,and particularly target parasitic worms and fungi are ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is incorrect about complement?

Correct Answer
verified

The production of interferon will protect the host cell from a viral infection.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 12: Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Inflammatory responses are orchestrated by the immune system and are part of the body's third line of defense.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a mechanism employed by the human microbiota to contribute to the first line of defense?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

This body region is protected by fatty acids,acidic pH,lactic acid,and a tough cell barrier with its own normal biota.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The human microbiome is considered an important component of the first line of defense. Which statement adequately reflects its role as a defensive barrier?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ________ system of blood proteins acts to lyse foreign cells and viruses.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diapedesis is the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When monocytes migrate from the blood out to the tissues they are transformed by inflammatory mediators to develop into ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Immune system cells differentiate between self and foreign cells by their ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During what process are hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide produced to destroy bacteria and inhibit viral replication?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The blood cells that function in allergic reactions and inflammation,contain peroxidase and lysozyme,and particularly target parasitic worms and fungi are ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is incorrect about complement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The production of interferon will protect the host cell from a viral infection.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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