Question 1

The Upper Paleolithic culture period began in Western Europe about ________ years ago.

Accepted Answer

A)   40,000
B)   10,000
C)   5,000
D)   70,000
E)   100,000F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

Why do most paleoanthropologists agree that several fossil forms, dating back to 100,000 ya, should be included in as fully modern humans?

Accepted Answer

Most paleoanthropologists agree that several fossil forms dating back to around 100,000 years ago should be included as fully modern humans (Homo sapiens) due to a combination of anatomical, genetic, and behavioral evidence that aligns these fossils with our own species.

Anatomical Evidence:
The fossil record from this period shows individuals with skeletal features that are within the range of variation seen in contemporary human populations. These features include a rounded skull with a vertical forehead, a reduced brow ridge, a smaller and less prognathic (projecting) face, a chin (mental eminence), and lighter skeletal build compared to earlier hominins. The cranial capacity of these fossils is also within the range of modern humans, indicating similar brain size and structure.

Genetic Evidence:
Advances in ancient DNA technology have allowed scientists to extract and analyze genetic material from some of these fossils. The genetic evidence supports the anatomical findings, showing a close relationship between these ancient individuals and present-day humans. The genetic continuity suggests that these individuals belong to our species and contribute to the genetic diversity of modern Homo sapiens.

Behavioral Evidence:
Archaeological sites dating back to around 100,000 years ago show evidence of behavior that is typically associated with modern humans. This includes the use of advanced tools, evidence of symbolic thought (such as personal ornaments and art), the use of pigments, and the development of complex social structures. These behaviors suggest a level of cognitive and cultural development that is consistent with what we see in modern humans.

Overall, the combination of anatomical similarities, genetic continuity, and advanced behaviors leads most paleoanthropologists to conclude that these fossil forms represent early members of our own species, Homo sapiens. The inclusion of these fossils within our species helps to trace the evolution and dispersal of modern humans across the globe.

Question 3

Researchers have recently sequenced the genetic identities of nine ancient fully modern H. sapiens from sites in Italy, France, the Czech Republic, and Russia. What did this research focus on?

Accepted Answer

A)   the Y chromosome
B)   mtDNA
C)   the ABO blood groups
D)   the Y chromosome and the ABO blood groups
E)   only cranial remainsF) All of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 4

The analysis of the Herto remains indicates they are

Accepted Answer

A)   most similar to Australopithecus
B)   indistinguishable from modern Homo sapiens
C)   most similar to late Homo erectus from China
D)   not specifically similar to modern Homo sapiens
E)   none of theseF) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 5

Discuss the evidence that suggests modest interbreeding took place between Neandertals and modern humans.

Accepted Answer

The evidence for modest interbreeding be...

Question 6

Two different Replacement Models have been proposed. They differ from each other with respect to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   the anatomy of modern humans
B)   the timing of the origin of modern humans
C)   whether a speciation event caused the demise of Neandertals
D)   the origin and dispersal of the first modern human populations
E)   the use of DNA sequences in analysesF) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 7

The first modern Homo sapiens evolved from Western Europe.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The morphology of the child's skeleton from Abrigo do Lagar Velho in Portugal has been cited as support for the regional continuity model for understanding modern human origins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

It is hypothesized that some population of inhabitants from Indonesia was the first group to colonize Australia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The partial replacement models have been bolstered by the sequencing of Neandertal genome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The Abrigo do Lagar Velho specimen is an important discovery that aids in the understanding of possible interbreeding between Neandertals and anatomically modern H. sapiens because the remains

Accepted Answer

A)   are from Portugal
B)   are dated to about 50,500 years ago
C)   the remains are a highly mixed set of anatomical features
D)   were studied by Erik Trinkaus
E)   are an incomplete skeleton of an adult femaleF) D) and E)
G) B) and D) C

Question 12

According to the most recent evidence, the first modern Homo sapiens evolved in Africa around _______ years ago.

Accepted Answer

A)   200,000
B)   1,500,000
C)   50,000
D)   500,000
E)   5,000,000F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 13

Early rock art from Africa may be as old as ________ years.

Accepted Answer

A)   10,000
B)   68,000
C)   100,000
D)   28,000
E)   40,000F) B) and D)
G) A) and B) D

Question 14

Bone tools, beads, and decorated ocher fragments were found at Blombos Cave as old as 73,000 years old.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Genetic evidence indicates that all native Australians are descendants of a single migration 50 kya.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The bow and arrow seems to have first appeared during the Magdalenian.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Current evidence indicates that the earliest anatomically modern Homo sapiens fossils are from which geographical location?

Accepted Answer

A)   China
B)   India
C)   Germany
D)   France
E)   AfricaF) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 18

The skeletal remains of Homo floresiensis are notable for each of the following characteristics or assumptions except

Accepted Answer

A)   the short stature.
B)   the small cranial capacity
C)   they were living 13,000 years ago.
D)   their predecessors were perhaps H. erectus populations
E)   they came to Flores on rafts, the remains of which were recovered from the island of FloresF) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 19

The Herto remains are

Accepted Answer

A)   from South Africa
B)   from the Middle Awash area of Ethiopia
C)   considered to be modern Neandertal
D)   considered to be Ardipithecus
E)   the earliest European evidence of modern humansF) None of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 20

Archaeological sites in Australia have been dated to __________ years ago.

Accepted Answer

A)   25,000
B)   30,000
C)   75,000
D)   55,000
E)   100,000F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Exam 12: The Origin and Dispersal of Modern Humans

The Upper Paleolithic culture period began in Western Europe about ________ years ago.

Correct Answer
verified

Why do most paleoanthropologists agree that several fossil forms, dating back to 100,000 ya, should be included in as fully modern humans?

Researchers have recently sequenced the genetic identities of nine ancient fully modern H. sapiens from sites in Italy, France, the Czech Republic, and Russia. What did this research focus on?

Correct Answer
verified

The analysis of the Herto remains indicates they are

Correct Answer
verified

Discuss the evidence that suggests modest interbreeding took place between Neandertals and modern humans.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The evidence for modest interbreeding be...
View Answer

Two different Replacement Models have been proposed. They differ from each other with respect to which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified

The first modern Homo sapiens evolved from Western Europe.

Correct Answer
verified

The morphology of the child's skeleton from Abrigo do Lagar Velho in Portugal has been cited as support for the regional continuity model for understanding modern human origins.

Correct Answer
verified

It is hypothesized that some population of inhabitants from Indonesia was the first group to colonize Australia.

Correct Answer
verified

The partial replacement models have been bolstered by the sequencing of Neandertal genome.

Correct Answer
verified

The Abrigo do Lagar Velho specimen is an important discovery that aids in the understanding of possible interbreeding between Neandertals and anatomically modern H. sapiens because the remains

Correct Answer
verified
C

According to the most recent evidence, the first modern Homo sapiens evolved in Africa around _______ years ago.

Correct Answer
verified

Early rock art from Africa may be as old as ________ years.

Correct Answer
verified
D

Bone tools, beads, and decorated ocher fragments were found at Blombos Cave as old as 73,000 years old.

Correct Answer
verified

Genetic evidence indicates that all native Australians are descendants of a single migration 50 kya.

Correct Answer
verified

The bow and arrow seems to have first appeared during the Magdalenian.

Correct Answer
verified

Current evidence indicates that the earliest anatomically modern Homo sapiens fossils are from which geographical location?

Correct Answer
verified

The skeletal remains of Homo floresiensis are notable for each of the following characteristics or assumptions except

Correct Answer
verified

The Herto remains are

Correct Answer
verified

Archaeological sites in Australia have been dated to __________ years ago.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 12: The Origin and Dispersal of Modern Humans

The Upper Paleolithic culture period began in Western Europe about ________ years ago.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why do most paleoanthropologists agree that several fossil forms, dating back to 100,000 ya, should be included in as fully modern humans?

Researchers have recently sequenced the genetic identities of nine ancient fully modern H. sapiens from sites in Italy, France, the Czech Republic, and Russia. What did this research focus on?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The analysis of the Herto remains indicates they are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the evidence that suggests modest interbreeding took place between Neandertals and modern humans.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe evidence for modest interbreeding be...View AnswerShow Answer

Two different Replacement Models have been proposed. They differ from each other with respect to which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first modern Homo sapiens evolved from Western Europe.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The morphology of the child's skeleton from Abrigo do Lagar Velho in Portugal has been cited as support for the regional continuity model for understanding modern human origins.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

It is hypothesized that some population of inhabitants from Indonesia was the first group to colonize Australia.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The partial replacement models have been bolstered by the sequencing of Neandertal genome.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Abrigo do Lagar Velho specimen is an important discovery that aids in the understanding of possible interbreeding between Neandertals and anatomically modern H. sapiens because the remains

Correct AnswerverifiedC

According to the most recent evidence, the first modern Homo sapiens evolved in Africa around _______ years ago.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Early rock art from Africa may be as old as ________ years.

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Bone tools, beads, and decorated ocher fragments were found at Blombos Cave as old as 73,000 years old.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Genetic evidence indicates that all native Australians are descendants of a single migration 50 kya.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The bow and arrow seems to have first appeared during the Magdalenian.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Current evidence indicates that the earliest anatomically modern Homo sapiens fossils are from which geographical location?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The skeletal remains of Homo floresiensis are notable for each of the following characteristics or assumptions except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Herto remains are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Archaeological sites in Australia have been dated to __________ years ago.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The evidence for modest interbreeding be...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

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Correct Answer
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C

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D

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