Question 1

The two regions of the kidney are an outer ____________________ and an inner ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The two regions of the kidney are...

Question 2

Which nephron structure is especially important in the kidney's ability to produce urine of varying concentration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bowman's capsule
B)  proximal tubule
C)   distal tubule
D)   loop of HenleE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

Transepithelial transport occurs only for substances that are actively reabsorbed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Match the urinary system features, labelled a. through e., with the correct characteristics.
a.urea
b.creatinine
c.uric acid
d.NaS1U1P1+S1S1P0
e.glucose
-protein metabolite of skeletal muscle tissue

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the urinary system features, labelled a....

Question 5

Which statement does NOT correctly describe tubular reabsorption?

Accepted Answer

A)  It refers to the movement of a substance from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular fluid.
B)  It occurs by either active or passive transport.
C)   It involves the process of transepithelial transport.
D)   It is highly selective and variable.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 6

Match the substances, labelled a. through f., with the processes listed.
a.KS1U1P1+S1S1P0
b.glucose
c.inulin
d.plasma protein
e.urea
f.HS1U1P1+S1S1P0
-filtered and actively reabsorbed but not secreted

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the substances, labelled a. through f.,...

Question 7

Which of these statements does NOT correctly describe sodium reabsorption?

Accepted Answer

A)  It plays a role in glucose, amino acid, and urea reabsorption in the proximal tubule.
B)  It is under hormonal control in the distal tubule.
C)   In the loop of Henle, it contributes to the formation of concentrated urine.
D)   Approximately 0.5 percent of sodium is reabsorbed on a daily basis.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 8

____________________ are water channels in the tubular cells of the nephron.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ are water channels in the tubular...

Question 9

Match the chemicals, .labelled a. through f., with their correct characteristics. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.renin
b.angiotensinogen
c.angiotensin I
d.angiotensin II
e.aldosterone
f.atrial natriuretic peptide
-produced by the liver

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the chemicals, .labelled a. through f.,...

Question 10

Match the substances, labelled a. through f., with the processes listed.
a.KS1U1P1+S1S1P0
b.glucose
c.inulin
d.plasma protein
e.urea
f.HS1U1P1+S1S1P0
-filtered and passively reabsorbed

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the substances, labelled a. through f.,...

Question 11

Autoregulation of the GFR is accomplished by activation of the sympathetic nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Match the effects, labelled a. through c., with the statements. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.increases
b.decreases
c.has no effect on
-Decreased Na+ in body fluids (Na+ depletion) __________ renin secretion.

Accepted Answer

Question 13

____________________ percent of the renal tissue can adequately perform all excretory and regulatory functions of the kidney.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ percent of the renal tissue can...

Question 14

What is the renal process whereby substances are selectively transferred from the peritubular blood into the renal tubule?

Accepted Answer

A)  filtration
B)  secretion
C)   reabsorption
D)   excretionE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

The epithelial lining of the bladder passively stretches to accommodate a larger volume during bladder filling.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

A pure loss or gain of H2O that is not accompanied by comparable solute deficit or excess in the body leads to changes in ECF osmolarity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which of these statements does NOT correctly describe urea?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the waste product with the smallest molecular size in the glomerular filtrate.
B)  It is in greater concentration at the end of the proximal tubule than in other body fluids.
C)   It has a clearance rate greater than GFR.D) B) and C)
E) A) and B)

Question 18

Which of the following does NOT stimulate aldosterone secretion?

Accepted Answer

A)  an increase in plasma K+
B)  a decrease in plasma K+
C)   activation of the renin-angiotensin pathway
D)   low plasma sodium levelE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 19

Which of these statements does NOT correctly describe aldosterone?

Accepted Answer

A)  It stimulates Na+ reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules.
B)  It is secreted by the JG apparatus.
C)   It stimulates K+ secretion in the distal tubule.
D)   It is secreted by the adrenal cortex.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 20

Which of the following factors is NOT involved in the process of preventing micturition in spite of initiation of the reflex?

Accepted Answer

A)  the cerebral cortex
B)  voluntary stimulation of the motor neuron supplying the external urethral sphincter
C)   voluntary stimulation of the internal urethral sphincter via its parasympathetic nerve supplyD) None of the above
E) A) and B)

Exam 12: Body Defenses

The epithelial lining of the bladder passively stretches to accommodate a larger volume during bladder filling.

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____________________ percent of the renal tissue can adequately perform all excretory and regulatory functions of the kidney.

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Match the effects, labelled a. through c., with the statements. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.increases b.decreases c.has no effect on -Decreased Na+ in body fluids (Na+ depletion) __________ renin secretion.

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Which nephron structure is especially important in the kidney's ability to produce urine of varying concentration?

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Match the substances, labelled a. through f., with the processes listed. a.K+ b.glucose c.inulin d.plasma protein e.urea f.H+ -filtered and passively reabsorbed

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The two regions of the kidney are an outer ____________________ and an inner ____________________.

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What is the renal process whereby substances are selectively transferred from the peritubular blood into the renal tubule?

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Which of these statements does NOT correctly describe aldosterone?

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Which statement does NOT correctly describe tubular reabsorption?

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Autoregulation of the GFR is accomplished by activation of the sympathetic nervous system.

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Match the substances, labelled a. through f., with the processes listed. a.K+ b.glucose c.inulin d.plasma protein e.urea f.H+ -filtered and actively reabsorbed but not secreted

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____________________ are water channels in the tubular cells of the nephron.

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Transepithelial transport occurs only for substances that are actively reabsorbed.

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Which of the following factors is NOT involved in the process of preventing micturition in spite of initiation of the reflex?

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Match the chemicals, .labelled a. through f., with their correct characteristics. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.renin b.angiotensinogen c.angiotensin I d.angiotensin II e.aldosterone f.atrial natriuretic peptide -produced by the liver

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Match the urinary system features, labelled a. through e., with the correct characteristics. a.urea b.creatinine c.uric acid d.Na+ e.glucose -protein metabolite of skeletal muscle tissue

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Which of these statements does NOT correctly describe urea?

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A pure loss or gain of H2O that is not accompanied by comparable solute deficit or excess in the body leads to changes in ECF osmolarity.

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Which of the following does NOT stimulate aldosterone secretion?

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Which of these statements does NOT correctly describe sodium reabsorption?

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Match the effects, labelled a. through c., with the statements. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.increases b.decreases c.has no effect on -Decreased Na⁺ in body fluids (Na⁺ depletion) __________ renin secretion.

Correct Answer
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Match the substances, labelled a. through f., with the processes listed. a.K⁺ b.glucose c.inulin d.plasma protein e.urea f.H⁺ -filtered and passively reabsorbed

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The two regions of the kidney are an outer and an inner .

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Match the substances, labelled a. through f., with the processes listed. a.K⁺ b.glucose c.inulin d.plasma protein e.urea f.H⁺ -filtered and actively reabsorbed but not secreted

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Match the urinary system features, labelled a. through e., with the correct characteristics. a.urea b.creatinine c.uric acid d.Na⁺ e.glucose -protein metabolite of skeletal muscle tissue

Correct Answer
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A pure loss or gain of H₂O that is not accompanied by comparable solute deficit or excess in the body leads to changes in ECF osmolarity.

Correct Answer
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