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An asset is a possession that has value in an exchange and can be classified as ________.


A) financial or intangible.
B) financial or variable.
C) tangible or intangible.
D) fixed or variable.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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An ultimate and important cause of financial innovation does not involve ________.


A) incentives to follow existing regulation and and tax laws.
B) increased volatility of interest rates, inflation, equity prices, and exchange rates.
C) changing global patterns of financial wealth.
D) financial intermediary competition.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Name and describe some of the ways to classify financial markets.

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There are many ways to classify financia...

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Which of the following statements is FALSE?


A) Because of the prominent role played by financial markets in economies, governments have long deemed it necessary to regulate certain aspects of these markets.
B) In their regulatory capacities, governments have had little influence on the development and evolution of financial markets and institutions.
C) It is important to realize that governments, markets, and institutions tend to behave interactively and to affect one another's actions in certain ways.
D) A sense of how the government can affect a market and its participants is important to an understanding of the numerous markets and securities.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Derivative markets may have at least three advantages over the corresponding cash (spot) market for the same financial asset. Which of the below is ONE of these advantages?


A) Transactions typically can be accomplished faster in the derivatives market.
B) It will always cost more to execute a transaction in the derivatives market in order to adjust the risk exposure of an investor's portfolio to new economic information than it would cost to make that adjustment in the cash market.
C) All derivative markets can absorb a greater dollar transaction without an adverse effect on the price of the derivative instrument; that is, the derivative market may be more liquid than the cash market.
D) Some derivative markets can absorb a greater dollar transaction but with an adverse effect on the price of the derivative instrument; that is, the derivative market may be more liquid than the cash market.

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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Professor Stephen Ross suggests two classes of financial innovation. List these two classes.

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Professor Stephen Ross suggests these tw...

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IBM pension fund owns a portfolio consisting of the common stock of a large number of companies. Suppose the pension fund knows that two months from now it must sell stock in its portfolio to pay beneficiaries $20 million. The risk that IBM pension fund faces is that two months from now when the stocks are sold, the price of most or all stocks may be higher than they are today.

A) True
B) False

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A basic economic principle is that the price of any financial asset ________ the present value of its expected cash flow, even if the cash flow is not known with certainty.


A) is greater than
B) is equal to
C) is less than
D) is equal to or greater than

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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There are two extreme views of financial innovation. Which of the below is ONE of these?


A) Some hold that the essence of innovation is the introduction of financial assets that are less efficient for redistributing risks among market participants.
B) There are some who believe that the minor impetus for innovation has been the endeavor to circumvent regulations and find loopholes in tax rules.
C) Some hold that the essence of innovation is the introduction of financial instruments that are more efficient for redistributing risks among market participants.
D) None of these

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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________ increase the liquidity of markets and the availability of funds by attracting new investors and offering new opportunities for borrowers.


A) Market-broadening instruments
B) Market-management instruments
C) Risk-management instruments
D) Arbitraging-broadening instruments

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Financial markets can be categorized as those dealing with newly issued financial claims that are called the ________, and those for exchanging financial claims previously issued that are called the ________.


A) secondary market; primary market.
B) financial market; secondary market.
C) OTC market; NYSE/AMEX market.
D) primary market; secondary market.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Financial assets have two principal economic functions. One function is to transfer funds from those who have surplus funds to invest to those who need funds to invest in tangible assets.

A) True
B) False

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The financial asset is referred to as a ________ if the claim is a fixed dollar.


A) debt instrument.
B) common equity instrument.
C) derivative instrument.
D) preferred equity instrument.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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One economic function of a financial market is to reduce the cost of transacting. There are two costs associated with transacting: search costs and information costs.

A) True
B) False

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True

Describe at least two reasons why a corporation may seek to raise funds outside its domestic market.

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There are several reasons why a corporation may seek to raise funds outside its domestic market. First, in some countries, large corporations seeking to raise a substantial amount of funds may have no choice but to obtain financing in either the foreign market sector of another country or the Euromarket. This is because the fund-seeking corporation's domestic market is not fully developed and cannot satisfy its demand for funds on globally competitive terms. Governments of developing countries have used these markets in seeking funds for government-owned corporations that they are privatizing. The second reason is that there may be opportunities for obtaining a lower cost of funding than is available in the domestic market, although with the integration of capital markets throughout the world, such opportunities have diminished. Nevertheless, there are still some imperfections in capital markets throughout the world that may permit a reduced cost of funds. The causes of these imperfections are discussed throughout the book. A third reason for using foreign or Euromarkets is a desire by issuers to diversify their source of funding so as to reduce reliance on domestic investors.

A principal economic function to transfer funds from those who have ________ to invest to those who need funds to invest in ________.


A) deficit funds; tangible assets.
B) surplus funds; intangible assets.
C) deficit funds; intangible assets.
D) surplus funds; tangible assets.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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The three economic functions of financial markets are: to improve the price discovery process; to lessen liquidity; and, to reduce the cost of transacting.

A) True
B) False

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The Economic Council of Canada classifies financial innovations into three broad categories. Which of the below is NOT one of these?


A) market-broadening instruments
B) risk-management instruments
C) risk-broadening instruments
D) arbitraging instruments and processes

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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C

A reason for a corporation using ________ is a desire by issuers to diversify their source of funding so as to reduce reliance on domestic investors.


A) Euromarkets
B) domestic equity markets
C) domestic government markets
D) None of these

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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A(n) ________ such as plant or equipment purchased by a business entity shares at least one characteristic with a financial asset: Both are expected to generate future cash flow for their owner.


A) tangible asset
B) intangible asset
C) balance sheet asset
D) cash asset

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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