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Exam 4: Cardiovascular Function

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Question 21

Multiple Choice

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Stimulation of alpha receptors results in:

A) vasoconstriction (alpha 1) and vasodilation (alpha 2) .
B) vasodilation (alpha 1) and vasoconstriction (alpha 2) .
C) bronchodilation and increased heart rate.
D) increased heart rate (alpha 1) and increased contractility (alpha 2) .

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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Question 22

Multiple Choice

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The most likely place for a thrombosis to form postoperatively is:

A) the lungs.
B) the left side of the heart.
C) the legs.
D) anywhere in the body.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Question 23

Multiple Choice

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An infant is diagnosed with a small patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) . Which of the following is accurate pertaining to this case?

Which of the following clinical manifestations is a compensatory mechanism to the initial stage of shock?

A patient with a history of myocardial infarction is told he has stage C heart failure, and he wants to know what this means. The description provided will include:

A 55-year-old man has been complaining of feeling short of breath, which he feels has been worsening over the past 4-5 months. He smokes one pack of cigarettes per day for the last 30 years, and he is a recovering alcoholic. He reports being sober for the past 6 months. A transthoracic doppler reveals systolic dysfunction. Which type of cardiomyopathy is most likely present?

A 12-lead EKG is conducted on a 65-year-old woman with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings represent an area that is electrically dead?

A 62-year-old woman is complaining of palpitations and feeling dizzy. She said this happened yesterday, and she sat down and it went away. She has a history of hypertension and is taking irbesartan (an angiotensin receptor blocker) . Her vital signs are as follows: temperature, 98.8 ºF; pulse irregular, 110 beats per minute; respiratory rate, 20 per minute; and blood pressure, 110/70 mm/Hg. An electrocardiogram will likely reveal:

Preeclampsia develops as a result of:

Patients with atrial fibrillation are commonly prescribed anticoagulation to:

Which of the following is a characteristic of ventricular remodeling in heart failure?

A 40-year-old man has a family history of one brother who died of heart disease at the age of 30 and a cousin who had a heart attack at the age of 40. He doesn't know his history on his father's side, and his mother is 75 years old and is healthy other than hypertension. He had a transthoracic echocardiogram that reveals thick, stiff ventricular walls particularly in the interventricular septum. There is reduced relaxation during ventricular filling and diastolic dysfunction. These findings are consistent with:

A fever; dry, cracked lips; a reddish tongue; and a rash on the extremities is characteristic of which vascular disorder in children?

What is the mechanism of death following cardiac tamponade?

A 70-year-old woman comes in after a syncopal episode. She said she fainted while she was gardening. She said she's been feeling a bit fatigued and short of breath but attributes this to not sleeping well. On examination, a systolic murmur is heard. Based on these findings, a common valvular disorder, and the most likely, is: