Question 1

The growth of well-fed vegetarian children is similar to that of their meat-eating peers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

An athlete consumes large amounts of meat in an effort to build extra muscle tissue. Identify the correct statement about the effect of excess consumption of meat.

Accepted Answer

A)  The body utilizes excess amino acids, leading to rapid muscle growth .
B)  The body starts to dismantle its tissue proteins.
C)  The excess protein causes muscle breakdown rather than building muscle tissue.
D)  A diet high in protein does not provide sufficient energy required to support muscle growth.
E)  The body utilizes excess amino acids as fuel or stores them as fat.F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 3

There are _____ essential amino acids.

Accepted Answer

A)  5
B)  20
C)  7
D)  13
E)  9F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 4

Which of the following statements is true regarding protein intake recommendations?

Accepted Answer

A)  Athletes may need slightly more protein than other healthy adults.
B)  Athletes build muscle only when they consume excess protein supplements.
C)  Dieters should take excess protein supplements to spare body proteins.
D)  Infants and children need the same amount of protein as adults on a per-kilogram basis.
E)  Protein recommendations are based strictly on age and gender.F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 5

Proteins help regulate gene expression.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Gluten is a protein that is formed in grain foods.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following factors helps distinguish one amino acid from another?

Accepted Answer

A)  The presence or absence of nitrogen
B)  The amine group
C)  The side chain
D)  The type of bonds
E)  The acid groupF) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 8

Each amino acid has its own distinctive chemical side chain attached to the center carbon of the backbone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Vinegar is the only known substance that can reduce the acidity of the hydrochloric acid produced by the stomach.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

In a protein molecule, the standard sequence of amino acids is specified by a person's:

Accepted Answer

A)  diet
B)  age
C)  gender
D)  genes
E)  weightF) None of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 11

A woman who is on a vegan diet has become pregnant. What would be a health concern for her?

Accepted Answer

A)  She may have excess intake of folate that could harm the fetus.
B)  She may have difficulty gaining adequate weight during her pregnancy.
C)  She may have excess intake of iron because of the high iron levels in plant foods.
D)  Her diet will most likely be deficient in all minerals.
E)  She may enter pregnancy overweight and become deficient in vitamin C.F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

An adolescent girl has decided to adhere to a vegan diet. Her lunch consists of a tossed green salad that contains celery, tomatoes, cucumbers, and onions; whole-wheat crackers; and apple juice. What comment would you make about her complementary protein choices?

Accepted Answer

A)  She has made a good choice of selecting foods that contain complementary proteins.
B)  She should add garbanzo beans to her salad to obtain the protein combination she requires.
C)  She must include milk or cheese in her meal to obtain sufficient protein.
D)  She should add rice to her meal to obtain all the necessary amino acids.
E)  She should not be following a vegan diet because it is not nutritionally adequate.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true of insulin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Insulin strands consist of bridges formed by the bonding of sulfur groups in cysteine molecules.
B)  Insulin is an essential amino acid and should be consumed regularly through the diet.
C)  A change in the amino acid sequence of insulin causes sickle-cell disease.
D)  Insulin is a primary protein found in bones and ligaments.
E)  Human insulin strands are made up of only one type of amino acid.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

Which of the following is true of an amine group?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the carbon-containing portion of an amino acid.
B)  It is the unique chemical structure attached to the backbone of each amino acid.
C)  It represents the acid group attached to the central carbon atom.
D)  It is the oxygen-containing portion of an amino acid.
E)  It is the nitrogen-containing portion of an amino acid.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 15

Which of the following foods is not included in a lacto-ovo vegetarian diet?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nuts
B)  Legumes
C)  Seaweed
D)  Fish
E)  YogurtF) C) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 16

Which of the following essential amino acids is used by the body to produce tyrosine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Leucine
B)  Lysine
C)  Isoleucine
D)  Valine
E)  PhenylalanineF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

Vegetarians have a significantly higher rate of hypertension than meat eaters.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Removing gluten from the diet has been shown to:

Accepted Answer

A)  resolve digestive problems in people with celiac disease
B)  help with weight loss in people trying to lose weight
C)  reduce problems with insomnia
D)  cause kidney impairment
E)  cause protein deficiencyF) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

Question 19

A young man says that he is consuming much more protein in his diet than the recommended amount. He feels that he needs the extra amount just in case he wants to build more muscle mass in the near future. How would you respond to him?

Accepted Answer

A)  It should be fine because the cells in his body will store the extra amino acids for future use.
B)  If he has excess calories in his diet, he may gain fat from converted protein.
C)  The extra protein will be used as fuel instead of carbohydrate.
D)  His body won't digest the extra protein and will eliminate the excess in feces.
E)  The excess amino acids can only be stored for up to 48 hours.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 20

The body uses _____ to make the brown pigment melanin.

Accepted Answer

A)  glutamic acid
B)  methionine
C)  tyrosine
D)  valine
E)  tryptophanF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Exam 6: The Proteins and Amino Acids

Gluten is a protein that is formed in grain foods.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following essential amino acids is used by the body to produce tyrosine?

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The growth of well-fed vegetarian children is similar to that of their meat-eating peers.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following foods is not included in a lacto-ovo vegetarian diet?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Proteins help regulate gene expression.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A young man says that he is consuming much more protein in his diet than the recommended amount. He feels that he needs the extra amount just in case he wants to build more muscle mass in the near future. How would you respond to him?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vegetarians have a significantly higher rate of hypertension than meat eaters.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Removing gluten from the diet has been shown to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There are _____ essential amino acids.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of an amine group?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The body uses _____ to make the brown pigment melanin.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An athlete consumes large amounts of meat in an effort to build extra muscle tissue. Identify the correct statement about the effect of excess consumption of meat.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An adolescent girl has decided to adhere to a vegan diet. Her lunch consists of a tossed green salad that contains celery, tomatoes, cucumbers, and onions; whole-wheat crackers; and apple juice. What comment would you make about her complementary protein choices?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following factors helps distinguish one amino acid from another?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true of insulin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vinegar is the only known substance that can reduce the acidity of the hydrochloric acid produced by the stomach.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true regarding protein intake recommendations?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A woman who is on a vegan diet has become pregnant. What would be a health concern for her?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each amino acid has its own distinctive chemical side chain attached to the center carbon of the backbone.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a protein molecule, the standard sequence of amino acids is specified by a person's:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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